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Year 11 (IGCSE)

IGCSE mastery: redox, industrial processes, electrochemistry and advanced analysis.

⚛️ Particles & Structure 1 topics

Moles & Calculations (IGCSE)

Apply mole calculations to titrations, gas volumes and percentage yield.

⚗️ Chemical Reactions 1 topics

The Haber Process

Explain N₂ + 3H₂ ⇌ 2NH₃; justify industrial conditions using equilibrium.

🧪 Acids, Bases & Salts 2 topics

Acid–Base Strength & pH

Distinguish strong/weak acids; calculate pH = −log[H⁺]; understand Ka.

Electrochemical Cells

Describe galvanic cells; write half-equations; calculate cell EMF.

🌿 Materials & Environment 2 topics

Metal Extraction

Describe blast furnace and electrolytic extraction; link to reactivity.

Industrial Processes

Describe the Contact Process (H₂SO₄); compare Haber and Contact conditions.

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